Frequency of carotid artery disease in patients with periodental disease
Keywords:
Carotid artery stenosis, periodental disease, hypertension, color doppler ultrasound.Abstract
BACKGROUND: Carotid artery disease is associated with various risk factors including periodental disease.
AIMS & OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of carotid artery disease in patients with periodontal disease
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried-out in department of Cardiology, PIC Lahore from June 2019 to June 2020 after approval from hospital ethical committee. Total 100 patients of both genders having periodental disease were enrolled after written informed consent. Color Doppler ultrasound of carotid arteries was done to find carotid artery disease. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22.
RESULTS: Our results showed that the mean age of patients was 57.8±8.1 years. There were 78% males and 22 % females in sampled population. In our study 48% were smoker, 51% were diabetic and 46% were hypertensive. The majority of patients were having gingivitis in 60%. The mean intima media thickness was 1.4±0.6mm and mean peak systolic velocity in narrowest part was 221±90cm/sec. The carotid artery disease was found in 33% patients of periodental disease. Mild carotid artery disease (<50% stenosis) was found in 13%, moderate (50-69%) disease was found in 16%, severe carotid disease (>70%) was found in 3% and total occlusion was found only in 1% patient. Apart from periodontal disease other risk factors including diabetes, hypertension and smoking were also found to be associated with carotid artery disease i.e. p-value 0.01.
CONCLUSION: Patients having periodental disease should be screened by carotid artery color Doppler to find carotid artery disease in early stages.
KEY WORDS: Carotid artery stenosis, periodental disease, hypertension, color doppler ultrasound.
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